What is a Genetic Engineer?
Genetic engineering is the process of meticulously rewiring the genetic makeup of an organism. Their goal is to improve the characteristics of an organism or population to better fit their environment. This is especially prevalent in plants for survival in rough conditions (such as drought or cold weather), and bacteria for antibiotic resistance.
The types of procedures done in genetic engineering are what make this field special. The term genetic engineering generally refers to the methods of recombinant DNA technology: combining genes from at least two different species to form a new segment of DNA. This technology allows researchers to isolate a given gene or segment of DNA, study its information, mutate it, and/or reinsert it into an organism. Steps of this process include inserting foreign genes into plasmids (small rings of DNA from bacteria that are easily manipulated) and copying these modified genes to insert into other organisms. Other procedures are gene editing (customizing an organism’s genetic makeup by making changes to its current DNA) and gene therapy (introducing a normal gene into an individual’s mutated gene to help with genetic diseases).
A common belief about genetic engineers is that the practice is unethical. Many believe that genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are harmful to humans. However, these scientists work hard to solve issues in many organisms. In humans, methods of recombinant DNA have allowed scientists to create human insulin (helping individuals with diabetes), human growth hormone, and a hepatitis B vaccine. In plants, such as corn and cotton, genetic engineers have adjusted their DNA for nitrogen fixation, insect repellent, herbicide resistance, and even improved nutritional value.
Pathway to Become
The path to a career in genetic engineering typically begins with a bachelor’s degree in biochemistry, molecular biology, or molecular genetics. However, a master’s degree or doctorate may be more beneficial in a job search. Additionally, about three years of experience under a supervisor is highly recommended.
This career is heavily lab-centered; it is rare to find a genetic engineer working outside of a laboratory. Genetic engineers are primarily hired by private companies. They can also work for pharmaceutical companies, research organizations, and some hospitals. There are many options when pursuing genetic engineering, especially due to its high demand. Genetic engineering can be a time-consuming process with rigorous experimentation. However, it is a career that reaps many benefits, including high salaries and an impact on public health.
Personal Take
A career in the healthcare industry primarily centered in laboratories may seem uninteresting and somewhat disconnected from humanity. However, genetic engineers have a massive role in the world’s well-being. Not only do these scientists solve genetic issues within humans, but they also work to improve the food we consume. The field of genetic engineering takes great dedication and problem-solving skills, with the heavy task of altering life in its smallest components.
Resources
https://www.careersinpublichealth.net/careers/genetic-engineer
https://www.britannica.com/science/genetic-engineering/Process-and-techniques
https://www.earth.com/earthpedia-articles/genetic-engineers-an-occupational-overview
